Retrospektiv studie av sambandet mellan kost, levnadsvanor och diabetes hos katter/
Retrospective study of diet and living patterns as possible risk factors for diabetes in cats
Examensarbete av/master thesis by: Malin Hagberg
Handledare/supervisor: Marie Sallander
Year: 2000
Institutionen för kirurgi och medicin smådjur/Department of clinical sciences, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet/Swedish university of agricultural sciences (SLU), Uppsala
Sammanfattning
Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur mycket energi (mat) svenska hundar äter. Energiintaget jämfördes med de olika normer som olika forskare gjort med hundar i olika miljöer och på olika hundraser i olika åldrar.
En studie gjordes för att ge grundläggande data hur svenska hundar äter och motionerar. Djurägare till 460 slumpmässigt utvalda hundar 1-3 år gamla från Agrias databas intervjuades med en kombinerad brev- och telefonenkät. Enkäten innehöll frågor angående demografiska data (tex kön, ålder, ras), födointag, motion, hull och eventuella sjukdomar.
En ekvation som beskriver svenska hundars energiintag i förhållande till kroppsvikten presenteras, och det är tydligt att energiintaget varierar stort mellan hundar beroende på tex kön (hanar äter mer än tikar/kg kroppsvikt).
Den del av energin som fås från kommersiella foder varierar stort mellan hundar, och särskilt små raser äter ofta en större andel hemlagat i jämförelse med större hundar. En liten andel hundar äter inte en näringsriktig kost trots att de flesta äter till största delen hemlagat. resultaten visar att en liten andel hundar exempelvis äter för lite protein och fett.
Svenska hundar får i genomsnitt 34% av sin energi från fett, 43% från kolhydrater och 23% från protein. Hundar som äter matrester och/eller hemlagat, får en större andel av energin från fett (47%), medan en lägre andel kommer från kolhydrater (35%) och protein (18%).
Abstract
The main objective of this thesis was to estimate levels of energy intake in free living Swedish dogs. The energy intake was compared to equations, intended for calculating energy needs, found in litterature.
This study was made to give basic data of the food intake and exercise patterns of Swedish dogs. 460 randomly selected dogs registred in the largest insurance company in Sweden, Agria, were included. The dogs were between one and three years of age and of various breeds. The method used to gather the information was a combined mail-and-telephone survey. The questionnaire used was divided into four parts; the first dealing with questions identifying the objects (e.g. sex, age and breed). The second part asked questions concerning food intake levels, food brands, frequency of feeding etc. The third part included questions about exercise and the last gave information about the frequency of disease. The results presented in this thesis are mostly from the second part of the questionnaire.
In the thesis an equation, describing energy intake of Swedish dogs in relation to body weight, is presented. It is obvious that the energy need of a single dog is influensed by many factors and the variation in energy need is large. Males for example have a significantly higher energy intake than females of the same body weight.
The part of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates which came from commercial sources varied a lot between different Swedish dogs. Especially small dogs deviated by a low intake of commercial products. There were dogs in the study which were not fed appropriate according to standards, though often partly fed with commercial products. The results obtained indicated that fat and protein was fed in too low amounts to some of the objects.
Swedish dogs consumed on average 34% of their energy intake from fat, 43% from carbohydrates, and 23% from protein. In table scraps/home-made diets, a larger part of the energy originated from fat (47%), and a small part from carbohydrates (35%) and protein (18%).